@欧文·罗宾逊 ：作为一名长寿播客的主持人，我对各种抗衰老策略很感兴趣，并邀请@Miriam医生 来分享她的专业知识和经验。 在之前的几集中，我们讨论了衰老的原因以及一些简单的营养策略。今天，Miriam医生将分享一些更高级的策略，包括低剂量纳曲酮、mRNA基因疗法、富血小板血浆（PRP）、干细胞、外泌体等。 我特别关注这些策略的有效性和安全性，以及它们是否适合预算有限的长寿爱好者。 我还对线粒体健康、重金属排毒以及如何选择合适的医生等方面的问题感兴趣。 Miriam医生：作为一名功能医学医生，我在抗衰老和长寿领域拥有丰富的经验，并开设了一家专门诊所。 我将分享一些高级的抗衰老策略，包括低剂量纳曲酮（LDN）、富血小板血浆（PRP）、外泌体等。 LDN主要用于治疗自身免疫性疾病，但它也可能增强自噬作用，减少炎症，提高线粒体活力。 mRNA基因疗法具有潜力，但其安全性仍存在担忧，可能引发自身免疫反应和炎症。 PRP疗法利用自身血液中的血小板促进组织修复和减少炎症，可用于美容和关节疼痛等。 干细胞疗法对肌肉骨骼组织修复有效，但存在伦理问题。 外泌体是从干细胞中提取的细胞外囊泡，可促进组织再生，主要用于美容领域。 清除衰老细胞、优化线粒体功能、排毒（包括重金属排毒）以及保持良好的睡眠和运动习惯对于长寿至关重要。 在重金属排毒方面，我推荐使用口服螯合剂，如EDTA和DMSA，并结合抗氧化剂，如α-硫辛酸。 此外，保持肝肾健康、规律排便以及使用结合剂（如胆汁酸结合剂）对于排毒也很重要。 在选择抗衰老策略时，需要根据个体情况进行个性化调整。

作为《Rejuvenate》播客的主持人，我对延缓衰老、延长寿命的策略始终保持着浓厚的兴趣。最近，我有幸邀请到Miriam医生，一位功能医学专家，来分享她丰富的临床经验和独到的见解。

在之前的节目中，我们已经探讨了衰老的根本原因以及一些基础的营养策略。这次，Miriam医生将带我们深入了解更高级、更精细的抗衰老方法，这些方法或许你闻所未闻。

低剂量纳曲酮 (LDN): 免疫平衡与细胞更新

Miriam医生首先介绍了低剂量纳曲酮 (LDN)。虽然它主要用于治疗自身免疫性疾病，但低剂量LDN能暂时阻断阿片受体，从而反弹式增加内啡肽的产生。这有助于减少炎症、调节免疫系统，并增强自噬作用，即清除受损细胞，促进细胞更新。此外，LDN还可能提高线粒体的韧性。虽然部分患者可能会出现睡眠模式改变的副作用，但总体来说，LDN的耐受性良好。

mRNA基因疗法：潜力与风险并存

接下来，我们讨论了备受争议的mRNA基因疗法。理论上，它可以通过重新编程衰老的干细胞来恢复其功能，产生更多年轻的蛋白质，从而修复衰老造成的损伤，并增强线粒体的生物合成。然而，Miriam医生对此持谨慎态度。她指出，mRNA可能被机体识别为外来物质，从而引发自身免疫反应、过敏反应和炎症。因此，她建议在使用mRNA基因疗法时，必须同时积极应对炎症，并注重肠道健康和自身免疫的调节。

富血小板血浆 (PRP)、干细胞和外泌体：组织修复与再生

PRP疗法利用自身血液中的血小板来促进组织修复和减少炎症。Miriam医生在她的诊所中使用PRP进行脱发和面部年轻化治疗，并认为其效果显著。干细胞疗法，特别是间充质干细胞注射，在肌肉骨骼组织修复方面也显示出潜力，但其伦理问题仍需关注。外泌体，一种从干细胞中提取的细胞外囊泡，也具有促进组织再生的作用，主要应用于美容领域。 Miriam医生认为，PRP对于头发再生效果显著，值得预算有限的长寿爱好者考虑。

线粒体优化：能量工厂的维护

线粒体是细胞的能量工厂，其功能的衰退与多种疾病和衰老密切相关。Miriam医生分享了她使用线粒体检测结果来评估线粒体功能的经验。她指出，许多人的线粒体功能都存在不同程度的缺陷，这可能与遗传因素、炎症、环境毒素等多种因素有关。 改善线粒体功能的关键在于补充辅酶Q10、NAD+前体（如烟酰胺核糖）、α-硫辛酸等辅因子，并积极控制炎症。

重金属排毒：慢性毒素的清除

Miriam医生强调了重金属毒性对衰老的重大影响。她认为，重金属会在体内累积，导致氧化应激，损害细胞成分，加速衰老过程。她推荐使用口服螯合剂，如EDTA和DMSA，并结合α-硫辛酸等抗氧化剂来进行重金属排毒。此外，保持肝肾健康、规律排便以及使用结合剂（如胆汁酸结合剂）对于排毒也很重要。她特别指出，EGCG（绿茶提取物）也具有一定的铅螯合作用，可作为一种更天然的选择。

其他策略：增强自噬、优化睡眠和运动

除了上述策略外，Miriam医生还强调了增强自噬、优化睡眠和保持规律运动的重要性。她认为，运动可以促进淋巴排毒，增强自噬作用，而充足的睡眠对于身体修复和能量恢复至关重要。

个性化方案与专业指导

Miriam医生最后强调了抗衰老策略的个性化需求。她建议寻求经验丰富的功能医学医生的帮助，进行全面的检测和评估，制定个性化的方案。她与营养师合开的诊所Health Miro，提供全面的检测和个性化治疗方案。

总而言之，延长健康寿命是一个复杂的过程，需要多方面综合考虑。 从基础的运动、睡眠到高级的线粒体优化、重金属排毒，都需要根据自身情况进行选择和调整。 寻求专业医生的指导，制定个性化方案，才能更好地实现健康长寿的目标。

Rejuvenate Podcast with Elwin Robinson & Krissy Hawkes⋅2d ago

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00:20 我很高兴今天能邀请到Miriam McKitsky医生来参加我们的播客。

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00:49 Miriam医生将分享她关于长寿策略的第二部分内容，这与我们播客的主题高度重合。

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01:56 我想了解低剂量纳曲酮（LDN）在抗衰老和长寿方面的应用。

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02:25 低剂量纳曲酮（LDN）主要用于自身免疫性疾病，但它也可能增强自噬作用，从而促进细胞再生。

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04:18 低剂量纳曲酮（LDN）和雷帕霉素在抑制免疫系统过度活跃和炎症方面具有相似之处，但LDN的免疫抑制作用更温和。

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05:23 与雷帕霉素相比，低剂量纳曲酮（LDN）的免疫抑制作用更温和，副作用更小。

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05:49 低剂量纳曲酮（LDN）的主要副作用是影响睡眠，建议白天服用。

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09:29 我想了解mRNA基因疗法在长寿策略中的应用和争议。

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09:52 mRNA基因疗法具有潜力，但其安全性仍存在担忧，可能引发自身免疫反应和炎症。

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13:20 我想了解富血小板血浆（PRP）疗法在抗衰老方面的应用。

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13:43 富血小板血浆（PRP）疗法利用自身血液中的血小板促进组织修复和减少炎症，可用于美容和关节疼痛等。

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15:36 我想了解干细胞疗法在抗衰老方面的应用和伦理问题。

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15:49 我的一些患者发现间充质干细胞注射对肌肉骨骼组织修复非常有效，但该疗法存在伦理问题。

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18:01 我想了解外泌体在抗衰老方面的应用。

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18:29 外泌体是从干细胞中提取的细胞外囊泡，可促进组织再生，主要用于美容领域。

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21:00 我想知道对于预算有限的长寿爱好者来说，PRP、干细胞和外泌体疗法是否值得考虑。

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21:26 对于预算有限的长寿爱好者来说，PRP疗法，特别是用于头发再生方面，是值得考虑的。

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23:10 我想再次了解衰老细胞及其清除方法。

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23:40 衰老细胞会引起慢性炎症和组织损伤，加速衰老；而衰老细胞清除剂可以破坏这些细胞，减少炎症，促进组织再生。

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32:21 我想了解线粒体健康及其与长寿的关系。

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32:55 线粒体是细胞能量的主要来源，线粒体功能障碍会影响新陈代谢和整体健康。

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50:09 线粒体功能障碍的原因包括遗传因素、炎症和环境因素（如重金属、农药和病毒）。

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51:13 线粒体功能障碍既有遗传因素，也有表观遗传因素，可以通过补充辅因子来改善。

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54:47 线粒体功能障碍的处理方法包括补充辅因子、减少炎症和清除环境毒素。

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01:01:32 排毒支持策略包括促进出汗、支持肝肾健康以及使用结合剂。

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01:09:45 我想了解重金属在衰老中的作用以及如何检测和治疗。

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01:09:58 重金属会随着时间的推移在体内积累，导致氧化应激和炎症，从而加速衰老过程。

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01:16:49 我更倾向于使用口服螯合剂来检测和治疗重金属中毒。

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01:26:32 理想情况下，我们应该从食物中获取所有营养需求，但现实情况是大多数人需要补充剂。

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01:27:56 保持规律的排便对于排毒至关重要，尤其对于那些遵循低FODMAP、肉食或生酮饮食的人。

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01:34:05 我想了解线粒体自噬及其促进方法。

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01:34:27 线粒体自噬是选择性降解功能失调线粒体的过程，可以通过运动、卡路里限制和某些药物来增强。

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01:41:21 我想了解Miriam医生最推荐的改善健康和延缓衰老的策略。

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01:41:38 我最推荐的策略是运动、补充EGCG和改善睡眠。

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01:47:48 为了获得个性化的抗衰老和长寿方案，建议寻求经验丰富的专业人士的帮助。

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01:48:15 我的诊所Health Miro提供基于测试的个性化抗衰老和长寿方案，包括远程和线下服务。

00:01

Hey, it's Owen Robinson here, and today I am thrilled to be joined by Dr. Miriam McKitsky, normally shortened to Dr. Miriam. She is a medical doctor, a functional medicine doctor. She has credentials in a bunch of other systems, including Dr. Walsh's, which we did an episode on a few weeks ago. 语法解析

00:20

And today she's going to be sharing part two of her advanced longevity strategies because she actually has a clinic now which is specifically focused to helping people with anti-aging, life extension, longevity, and she has a lot of experience with it. And so this is obviously something that we're interested in here in the Rejuvenate podcast. There's a heavy overlap. So I wanted her to share as many of her strategies as she could. And she's here to do that in this episode today. Thank you for joining us, Dr. Miriam. 语法解析

00:49

Thank you for having me, Elwynn, and it's great to be back. 语法解析

00:52

Okay. Well, let's get straight into it. So in the last episode, we talked about… So we've done several actually in this series. So first of all, we talked about like the causes of what stops a person living longer and what causes a person to age prematurely. And then in… So it was the part one. In part two, which was the last episode, we talked about some simple nutritional strategies. We talked about insulin resistance. We talked about some hormones like DHEA, 语法解析

01:19

and growth hormone. We talked about rapamycin, we talked about melatonin, we talked about GLP-1s. And in this episode, we have another list of probably even more advanced strategies that you may be even less likely to have heard of. And so let's actually start with one which I first came across as a 语法解析

01:43

autoimmune strategy but I know a lot of people are using it for anti-aging longevity as well and that's low dose naltrexone so yeah can you tell us about that Dr. Merriman? 语法解析

01:56

Yes, and I've also used LDN in my clinic primarily for patients with autoimmune conditions. But we know that, just to kind of explain a bit, so naltrexone is a medication that temporarily blocks opioid receptors in the body. So it has primarily been used in drug overdose situations. But we've noticed that a dose that's 语法解析

02:25

much lower. So for example, rather than the 50 milligrams, five, zero milligram dose, um, the lower dose we're using anywhere from 1.5 to 4.5 milligrams. And that's, that's sort of the range of what I'm also using for, for longevity, um, from a longevity perspective. Um, but at the low dose, the, um, it, it, it works by temporarily blocking the output receptors and that leads to kind of a rebound increase in, um, in endorphin, um, 语法解析

02:53

an endorphin production which can help to reduce inflammation, regulate the immune system. We then have found that actually from a longevity perspective, it may actually enhance autophagy. So we talked about that in a previous episode, that that's the process of clearing out damaged cells and promoting cellular rejuvenation. 语法解析

03:19

You know, in addition to we know that even just increasing endorphins can lead to stress reduction, improving metabolic health. And then there are other other studies that link LDN to improved mitochondrial resilience. Interesting. OK. Yeah, I didn't actually know about some of those angles. I think there's a connection with rapamycin, right, which we talked about in the previous episode, because rapamycin is so important. 语法解析

03:47

kind of immune system suppressive that in large doses it's used for people who've had an organ transplant. But I guess, again, it's stopping the immune system from being overactive and overly inflammatory. So that's something that they have in common, right? Yes, I would say they have that kind of cellular senescent link. I wouldn't, you know, I would say that I would use low-dose naltrexate for a specific type of person, like if you're somebody who is struggling with 语法解析

04:18

high inflammatory markers, or perhaps there's a strong family history of autoimmune conditions, or if your genetics show that you might be prone to histamine intolerance, then maybe you'd be a good candidate, even if you are otherwise well, just from a longevity perspective. Yeah, it's very interesting. I've done, you know, I don't think I've done a whole episode on it, but I certainly talked about it before. And I do recommend there's a website called, I think, LDN Network. And there's a 语法解析

04:47

where they talk about, you know, categorize all the different things that it's potentially helpful for. And it is a vast list and there is a lot of different doctors like yourself using it. So it's definitely something worth looking into. Is there any downside to it? Is there anyone who shouldn't be using it? You know, I would say that… 语法解析

05:07

Not really, I would say, as opposed to rapamycin, where potentially somebody that you wouldn't want too much of an immune suppression, this one seems to be more balancing. So I haven't found, for example, that… 语法解析

05:23

that patients on LDN are getting more infections or anything like that. In terms of side effect profile, I do have a cohort of patients where they've just struggled to, it's affected their sleep patterns. And I used to think it was a bit psychosomatic. So I would say, oh, people tend to have vivid dreams when they take this at night and you ideally should be taking it at night. And 语法解析

05:49

And then so, but for majority of those people, if we moved it to the daytime, they could tolerate it. But there's been a select few where then they still seem to mess up their sleep cycle slightly. So in that case, definitely I wouldn't recommend continuing on it because sleep is, of course, the ultimate longevity tool. 语法解析

06:08

But otherwise, it's been surprisingly well tolerated. And again, I've used it in the experience of patients with really severe mast cell activation syndrome, really kind of environmental sensitivity. So it's kind of, I would say, in terms of a scientific profile, it's actually been very well tolerated. Very interesting. I remember the most interesting chapter of those books to me is probably it was like psychologists or psychiatrists using it. Yeah. 语法解析

06:32

Because there's a bunch of different endorphins, right, which have fairly different effects and different endorphin receptors. So I think there was a theory that the more you are disassociative from a psychological perspective, that kind of uses up endorphins and that depletes endorphins over time. 语法解析

06:52

to create that kind of disassociated fugue state that kind of requires endorphins. And so they would actually have people take LDN in the morning because it kind of stops them from disassociating. And so they would start to like have more authentic emotional responses to things as opposed to just disassociating and shutting down. And I actually felt like for me as someone, I guess, who did go through a bunch of trauma throughout life, but certainly early life, 语法解析

07:19

that it did help with that. Like it made me more present. So I think that's another interesting benefit. And, you know, there's constant talk about how good it is being present, right? Eckhart Tolle, all that kind of stuff. And so I don't know, maybe if that's an element as well. I'm a big fan of people like Alexander Lowen who talk about how emotional repression is a key element 语法解析

07:42

factor to what makes people ill so I wonder if there's even an element about that about how it kind of stops you from oppressing emotions and maybe that's another mechanism it's hard to prove but 语法解析

07:52

Yeah, I mean, it's a really good point because I have used it. I mean, I used to be a medical director of a clinic where we were predominantly working with Walsh nutrient therapy and more from a mental health angle. And we were supposed to be using predominantly Walsh, but I would go a little bit off piste if Walsh didn't seem to work. And LDN was something that it does have a lot of research to support that. 语法解析

08:15

particularly depression. And it did seem to work actually quite well for, I mean, stereotyping here, but a lot of the younger male patients I was seeing who were very much very isolated and would be struggling to leave their rooms, that sort of thing. I found the LDN actually quite effective and transformative. And even then, 语法解析

08:40

getting, like you said, more present to then engage in other therapies, I think was a big step. Interesting. I think that stereotype might be valid because I think I remember reading that men have higher levels of endorphins on average than women. So maybe… 语法解析

08:54

That gives some benefit of being a bit more emotionally less, I don't know, up and down. But also the drawback, as you said, of more likely to disassociate, more likely to withdraw, stuff like that, that the endorphins might actually support. So, yeah, that's very interesting. Okay. Well, that's awesome. We could probably do a whole episode on LDN, but let's go on to the next one on the list here. So this is a controversial one. 语法解析

09:16

And probably a lot of our viewers are not a fan, but it is being talked about, you know, as a longevity strategy. So let's talk about it. What about mRNA gene therapy? 语法解析

09:29

Yeah, I mean, I'm, I would say, I think it's a fascinating field. And I know that, you know, some of the positives of mRNA-based gene therapy for longevity have been, you know, it's been supposedly, you could potentially reprogram old stem cells to regain function. 语法解析

09:52

produce more like youthful proteins, which could then repair damage from aging, potentially enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis. So, you know, I won't completely discount it because I think that it's a fairly new area. But, you know, I just see that particularly with people nowadays being more inflamed, more exposed to 语法解析

10:18

I just worry about how the body's going to recognize that mRNA as something foreign, which could trigger more autoimmunity, more severe allergic reactions, more inflammation. And I just worry that if it's, 语法解析

10:36

um, is something that is kind of introduced, it would be very difficult to kind of stop that, that effect. Um, so I, I would be very cautious. Uh, I would say that I think using it would have to be part of a more holistic program where you're then really aggressively targeting inflammation and gut lining health and, um, you know, and, and working on that autoimmunity. Um, so I, I wouldn't 语法解析

11:03

I wouldn't jump for it but saying that you know modern medicine is you know I'm always impressed to read the research on these sorts of things so I might be proven wrong but at 语法解析

11:15

At the beginning, I wouldn't be jumping to experiment with it myself. Yeah, like you and I sometimes guinea pigs for new, you know, nutritional things or whatever, but probably not for this. Actually, you know, I genuinely hadn't thought about that. Maybe it's a sign of my ignorance, but like obviously, hypothetically, if you were to introduce mRNA to someone to get them to produce more of a toxin, then I could understand why that would create an autoimmune response. But just the fact that 语法解析

11:43

introducing an mRNA coding for anything, even a non-toxin, would still produce an autoimmune response actually isn't something that I'd considered. But it makes sense because there's always the possibility, I think this is what you're saying, right, that 语法解析

11:57

even if the idea is to go in there and produce more of something beneficial that's totally natural, say, like there's no guarantee that it's going to work and there's no guarantee that the body's not going to treat it as something to have an immune response to. Is that what you're basically saying? Exactly. No, that's what I meant. And also, I think, as you said, even though the compounds themselves might not necessarily be toxic or 语法解析

12:22

We also see that mRNA is often delivered in these nanoparticles, which could then accumulate in the liver or spleen. And we know that, again, because of just overall exposure, our detoxification organs are working 语法解析

12:37

are working on overdrive, that that could also just compound those effects. So, yeah, I think, I don't know, I'm not a huge fan. I would, you know, I'm happy to try peptides, exosomes, LDN, but that's something I probably would not want to try myself. Yeah. 语法解析

12:55

Fair enough. Okay, well, let's move on to another one, which I personally haven't tried, but I think it's pretty common these days. And it's PRP. I know that a lot of the time it's used for cosmetic purposes, but it's also used, I believe, for other anti-aging things, like, for instance, for joints and stuff. Is that right? And maybe there's more uses I'm not familiar with. So can you tell us about that? What is it? Why might someone consider it? And what do you think of it? 语法解析

13:20

Yeah, so PRP, which is platelet-rich plasma therapy, is basically using your own blood. So you get a blood sample, spin it, centrifuge it, and then take the plasma bit, and then that is injected into various parts of your body. And that plasma then has a high concentration of plasma. 语法解析

13:43

of growth factors and proteins that can help to promote tissue repair, reduce inflammation. I was also kind of became familiar with PRP more from the cosmetic angle, particularly for hair loss and, you know, just for 语法解析

14:02

skin rejuvenation, hair rejuvenation. But as you mentioned, it is something that is also used for in any place where 语法解析

14:16

Whereas stem cells could be stimulated in fibroblasts to regenerate tissues. So theoretically could be useful for repairing, not just repairing, but also just for pain relief and inflammation reduction in the joints and tendons, ligaments. Personally, I don't use, I haven't really used that in my practice from a musculoskeletal point of view. 语法解析

14:42

But I have been sort of trained in using it for alopecia and for hair regeneration and also for the face. And I think it's a pretty good tool and would recommend it. And in terms of autoimmunity or reactions to it, again, it is your own blood. So whilst there would still be a risk because you 语法解析

15:10

someone with autoimmunity then theoretically is they're reacting to themselves but generally it's lower risk than adding in an exogenous substance makes sense and um as you brought it up what about we didn't have it on the list but what about stem cells again it's something i think i almost did and then i'm not doing it's one of those longevity strategies that you often hear celebrities talking about i know tony robbins and his anti-aging book 语法解析

15:36

It's one of his favorite things. Do you have experience with those? Do you ever use them? I haven't had experience with it, like doing injections, but I have had several patients who they actually have found 语法解析

15:49

mesenchymal stem cell injections to be very useful for tissue repair from a musculoskeletal point of view. I've also had a couple of cases where, again, a bit controversial and I wouldn't advocate for this, but for brain health and neuroinflammation, actually in children, 语法解析

16:14

for helping children who have a sort of severe autism. I know there are some ethical concerns there, but I had sort of heard about this after the fact because, and, 语法解析

16:28

seemed to have actually a very good effect on a child I was seeing and the parents had consulted me after they had done the mesenchymal stem cell injections for the child and said that now it seemed like he was really improving to treatments that didn't work before, like gut microbiome work, response to just improving detoxification pathways. It seemed to be like a kind of a new life for helping. So 语法解析

16:55

Again, you know, something where I'd probably have to do some extra training myself in, but I definitely could see the benefits. 语法解析

17:02

What are the ethical implications? Is it the sourcing of the stem cells or was there something else? I mean, the sourcing of the stem cells and I guess just, you know, you'd hope parents are acting in their child's best interest by sort of injections of substances that haven't undergone too much. Maybe regulation is a long word. It's a little bit like, you know, you think you as yourself, if you're injecting yourselves with peptides, you kind of take the risk. But for a child, yeah, 语法解析

17:31

the legal implications are just a little bit… You'd want stronger evidence, I think, to actually engage using that. Okay. All right. That makes sense. Let's move to another one that I think you have a bit more experience with. Is that exosomes? Do you have experience with those? So I've… Exosomes, again, is something I've studied. I don't use them in my clinic, but it's all… 语法解析

18:01

I would say a lot of these work on quite similar pathways as some of these other therapies, but with exosomes, we're taking what we think of as these tiny extracellular vesicles that we're extracting from stem cells that do contain growth factors and repair signals, and these themselves are also stimulating tissue regeneration. Again, I've used them more in the… 语法解析

18:29

in the aesthetic setting. So, um, in terms of stimulating collagen production and, you know, and speeding up wound healing and improving skin elasticity. Um, and again, you know, I think in combination, some, some people are using PRP plus exosomes, um, for skin, skin health and hair regrowth. Uh, 语法解析

18:51

And sorry, what are exosomes? Maybe you should also include that. So exosomes are just these tiny extracellular kind of vesicles that are derived from… 语法解析

19:10

yeah, from stem cells. So basically it's like you're taking a little bit of the stem cell there. Yeah. And, and those, so in a way it's supposed to be a little bit more targeted than taking the whole stem cell, but, you know, it's still a, I would say quite a new, new area. You know, we worry a little bit that because of how rapidly stem cells divide, you know, 语法解析

19:35

and taking kind of a potent ingredient from that could lead to uncontrolled growth. And generally, the exosomes themselves and the stem cells tend to be from embryonic sources. And so there's a little bit of controversy about kind of the sourcing of them. I understand that. Yeah, I thought with stem cells, they can often get it from umbilical cords or placenta these days. Is that not right? Yeah. 语法解析

20:02

Theoretically, yes, but because again, the industry isn't so regulated, you just don't really know where they're coming from. Which I would say with skin, it's such a kind of rapidly regenerating organ that I would think that's a little bit lower risk, but I would be a little bit more wary about injecting it kind of in other parts of the body. But it might just be because I'm not using it for other things. 语法解析

20:31

Yeah, fair enough. Okay. Okay. And I think I'll actually before we move on, like, so those three, I haven't done any of those. For the average longevity enthusiast, who's probably the average person watching this with rapt attention. Are any of those worth considering if you have a, you know, medium to limited budget? Or are they all kind of a bit, you know, like only for those who really have a lot of money? 语法解析

21:00

I mean, for those, I have seen really good effects for PRP, particularly for hair, for kind of stimulating the hair and having thicker hair. I think she's saying something. Yeah. Okay. So if that's something that is near and dear to you and you're worried about your hair thinning, I would advocate it because I've seen quite good results even with one or two sessions. 语法解析

21:26

And I would say this is it like when someone's lost as much as me or is that more you got to catch it early? I would say in general, you have to you have to catch it early. It's more when you're you've noticed like thinning care or a kind of like a receding hairline. And you're probably not going to regenerate areas that are completely bald, but just on the hairline. But I've been really pleasantly surprised, particularly like post viral hair loss. So for example, who they really saw thinning in their hair earlier. 语法解析

21:55

After COVID, you know, this is one I've personally tried because I definitely had a period where I think it was post-viral that my hair was really thinning and I have a lot of hair. So it was a little bit of a vanity thing. And I tried it and definitely saw a difference. And then it was… 语法解析

22:16

I mean, more objectively, hairdressers saw a difference and they could notice a lot of baby hair growth. So I was sold from an N of 1, but then I also saw it in my own patients who were using it. 语法解析

22:30

Nice, great. Well, I've never cared about my hair. It's always been an annoyance to me, as I said in previous episodes. I was quite happy when I had the excuse to shave it all off, although I'm quite lazy with that even. I need to get around to it every couple of weeks. But I know a lot of people very much care about their hair. So if you do, there you go. PRP is something to consider if you feel like you're starting to lose it. 语法解析

22:52

Okay, so next we've got a couple more kind of broad things here. So we have, yes, senolytic cell detox. So we've really touched on this in the previous episode, but let's explain to people again what senolytic cells are and why you might want to detoxify them. 语法解析

23:10

Yes, so again, senescent cells are what we call these zombie cells that stop dividing, but then they don't actively die. And we think that these cells sort of hanging around the body can cause chronic inflammation and tissue damage, and that can accelerate aging. And then senolytics are compounds that then can destroy these senescent cells and thereby cause 语法解析

23:40

reducing inflammation, boosting tissue regeneration, enhancing mitochondrial function. Okay, so can you give us an example of some cellulitics and maybe the most common and also your favourites? 语法解析

23:54

Yeah, so, you know, the kind of more, I'd say, natural senolytics have been things like quercetin, EGCG, curcumin. Those have been sort of more the supplemental versions. And, I mean, it's interesting because I used to always… 语法解析

24:13

skip talking about EGCG but recently, Owen, we've been talking about EGCG and helping with removing copper from the body and actually I have noticed… Well, I think, sorry, just iron and heavy metals is specifically what the focus is but you're right, it does also remove copper. There's research on that, yeah. Yeah. So maybe I'm sort of… 语法解析

24:34

its use as a senolytic just because of, you know, helping with, you know, eliminating, because we think copper and iron are inflammatory to the body, so theoretically it should help. Yeah, so I really, that's one I really like. And, you know, I am also a fan of quercetin for, you know, 语法解析

25:01

reducing inflammation, particularly those who have more of this like mast cell type predilection with sinus issues. You know, and I know that there are now some pharmaceutical senolytics where they've taken combinations of like quercetin and desatinib. I mean, frankly, I would probably just take the supplement, but it may just be worth knowing about 语法解析

25:29

combinations like that. 语法解析

25:32

Yeah, there's another one, I think, fisetin as well, which is another pharmaceutical. So that's also derived from foods, really. Is that pharmaceutical? I didn't know that. I've seen that in a bunch of supplements. I think I even had a liposomal… I thought it was pronounced fisetin, honestly, but I'm sure you know better than me. No, no, it's not when I use that comma, so you may be right there. But I think they actually do derive it from strawberries, if I'm not mistaken. Yeah, it's a polyphenol or something, I thought, yeah. But it is… 语法解析

26:01

I believe that it may have in some countries actually been developed as a pharmaceutical. Yeah, there's a bunch of them like that, right? Like benfotiamine or subutamine, things like that. Yeah, okay, okay. It's one of those, fair enough. Okay, and just to go back to quercetin, I see these days people offering dehydroquercetin. Is there any value in that as opposed to normal quercetin? You know, I would say… 语法解析

26:32

To be honest, I know that the quercetin that I frequently use in practice is like quercetin dihydrate. Oh, yeah. Maybe that's what I'm thinking of. Sorry. Which is supposed to be a bit more of a bioavailable form. But the thing with quercetin is actually it's not a very well-absorbed supplement in general. So actually taking higher doses of it isn't necessarily so effective. It's actually better to take it with… 语法解析

27:02

vitamin C, and that can apparently improve its absorption. And all the ones you've just mentioned there, fisetin, ECCG, quercetin, I know there are a cohort of our viewers maybe from the carnivore world, maybe from another world who consider them all like poisons to various degrees. 语法解析

27:26

you know, like the idea of polyphenol, right? Phenol is a poison. So just because it's poly doesn't mean it's no longer a poison. But, of course, when we're talking about senolytic, we're talking about something that destroys cells, right? So first of all, I guess, do you agree that it's any kind of poison? Do you think it's not a poison? Do you think it's a poison? Do you think it's a poison but it selectively poisons things you want to have poison, like senescent cells? Where do you land on the spectrum there? Yeah. 语法解析

27:53

more the latter I mean I'm it's interesting I'm not I'm not a big fan of the carnivore diet for extended periods of time I think it can be incredibly useful for those who have this very imbalanced immune response where they're just reacting to everything and and so you know but I think that if 语法解析

28:18

If that's the case, you can use the carnivore diet, but then you actively need to be working on gut health. And I think eventually adding in, you know, adding in certain prebiotics. And I've still found the quercetin to be relatively well tolerated in that cohort because I've usually introduced the, I've usually introduced quercetin before I've tried to diversify that person's diet. But I'm, 语法解析

28:45

Sorry, just I think the objection to all these compounds, including ones that I recommend, is that yes, they work, but they work by suppressing detoxification. So actually they make you worse overall. Is that an objection that you can address? I can address. I mean, just that I haven't found that in clinical practice. I generally see like improvements in 语法解析

29:10

inflammatory markers, improvements in antibody counts using these sorts of compounds. 语法解析

29:18

I mean, theoretically, as you said, they are working to kill off senescent cells. So yes, there is some killing action there, but I would say it's a beneficial one. Yeah. Yeah, I'm more on the latter as well. I think it's case by case. But yeah, I was interested in your take on it. Okay, that's awesome. And we're going to do full episodes on peptides, I think, soon. But just as we're on the subject of senolytics, is there any senolytic peptides that you want to… 语法解析

29:47

shout out? I was going to say actually, well, let me have a think. So, you know, I use things like epithelion in practice, which is supposed to be, you know, supposed to help activate telomerase and, you know, an enzyme responsible for maintaining telomere length. Is that a celletic? I don't live in that category. I mean, I would, because I would, I 语法解析

30:18

Yeah, I mean, I guess I think of the classic, when I think maybe not necessarily a senolytic, but just an anti-aging type of peptide. Well, let's talk about those next, because I think next on our list we've got like mitochondrial optimizations. Epitalin might be more in that category, maybe. Yeah, yeah. Okay, so let's bridge onto that one then. So yeah, sorry, if you want to carry on on any peptides, and then we'll talk about mitochondrial next. Yeah, because I was going to say, I mean, apart from epitalin, 语法解析

30:46

I was thinking more, I mean, there are, I'm kind of struggling to think of like a specific one that's just that I would call senolytic. Is there one of that? 语法解析

31:04

Yeah, I don't know. They're quite obscure. I just thought you might, if you don't have any experience with them, fair enough. Let's move on to mitochondrial. Peptide world, I would say is so vast. And again, that's sort of one where I, we'll talk about this in a future episode, but I try and stick to, I mean, maybe around like 2030 that I think people, 语法解析

31:26

more people are taking in general. So at least have a bit more data of which ones are helping. But yeah, you know, SS31, you're right. It could influence cellular senescence, but it's not one that I use that much of, to be honest. No, fair enough. I think 20 to 30, I think the most I've ever talked about in the YouTube channel is 15. So I think there'll still be plenty of people we haven't talked about in this channel. So I look forward to that episode. Stay tuned for that one. For now, let's, yeah. All right. So mitochondrial, you hear this all the time. Mitochondrial health, 语法解析

31:54

mitochondrial dysfunction metabolic disease mitochondrial optimization there's more and more talk basically about how mitochondrial function or lack of might be the root cause of all kinds of diseases all kinds of things that prevent longevity and that mitochondrial optimization may be the key to longevity there's a lot of you know there's a school of thought that we've so far have paid 语法解析

32:21

much too much attention to nuclear DNA in relation to mitochondrial DNA. So tell us what your take is on that in general and then maybe we'll get into practicalities. 语法解析

32:35

Sure. So I've explored mitochondrial health more so in the realm of chronic fatigue, problems with exercise endurance, because we know, of course, that mitochondria is where your ATP is produced, so your primary kind of energy currency of the cell. 语法解析

32:55

And, you know, we know that because of that, then the mitochondria like influence so many things and how, you know, especially your metabolism, how your unit sliding, 语法解析

33:05

how you're utilizing nutrients and producing energy. And I've, I've become more interested in that just doing more mitochondrial testing where we're, you know, we're looking at how, how efficiently the mitochondria is using oxygen to make ATP, how efficiently, you know, they're working to maintain your intracellular calcium levels, which is also very crucial for, for quite a few signaling pathways and, 语法解析

33:32

and many other things. And so, and I think… I'm sorry, Dr. Merriman, I wasn't planning to do this. We didn't rehearse this or anything, but maybe we should actually share my mitochondria test results. And would that be okay? And you can explain to people just the basics. I know that they're quite complex. We don't have to go through the whole thing because this is one of the things I think, you know, we put an episode out recently where I shared my test results and we said like how 语法解析

33:58

how healthy is Owen? And the answer was, you know, quite by almost every test, I'm pretty healthy. And there's a few things we talked about where I have a better result than you've ever seen. But a glaring exception to that has been when we did my mitochondrial test results, right, where they really were not very good. I'm just trying to find them now. And I think you said 语法解析

34:22

Like this is pretty common, right? You rarely see anyone's test results where their mitochondria do look healthy, but still that may not be saying much because it may just be that it's true that generally there's a lot of people with unhealthy mitochondria, right? So 语法解析

34:37

I'm just trying to find these test results. Yeah, I think it'd be very useful to see because I agree with you. And I've always wondered slightly like with, for example, things like neutrovals where you're supposed to be measuring mitochondrial health or nutrient status that you can kind of, I wouldn't say artificially get your health to look good on the neutroval, but I've always wondered like, you know, some people then they supplement with everything they're low in, 语法解析

35:01

The test looks great, but they still don't feel great. But I would say that the mitochondrial test that I run is from a German lab. And I really only run it in people who are struggling. It isn't a test I do just for prevention purposes. Maybe I should. And often those people have been struggling with chronic fatigue, brain fog, 语法解析

35:27

The airman was happy to see that the results are so bad because they're like, oh, this is how I feel, like very low in energy, struggling to get out of bed, can't have an exercise regimen. So it has been surprisingly accurate from that regard. Yeah, and I'm not someone who's struggling to get out of bed, but I'm definitely someone who is not at the level that I want to be. And, you know, we blame this on leads more than anything, because that was the one thing that we could identify that was a definite problem. 语法解析

35:53

You know, that's not how it should be. It should be a lot better. You know, it should be a lot lower than that. And of course, there are potentially other things as well. But it was interesting to see that. And I'm always happy to find room for improvement. I'm never upset if there's a negative test. Even if I felt great and I got this test result, I would be kind of, oh, well, that's good because it means there's so much room for improvement. I could feel so much better because a lot of time we think we feel good. But actually, you know, we have no idea how much better we could feel. 语法解析

36:22

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36:45

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38:25

Yeah, so we can see, you know, these are your, this is your mitochondrial test. And, you know, we can see that there's quite a few things in the red there that you are glycolytic ATP capacity. So that start of cellular respiration looked pretty poor. Your reserve capacity actually looked pretty decent. And your total ATP production was also kind of borderline. And 语法解析

38:53

Yeah. And you say pretty decent, but it's still on this. As in it was still it wasn't in the red, I guess, compared to things that were in the red. That's what I'm trying to say. And you say for most people whose results you see, they're almost always mostly in the red. But then again, usually you do this for people with chronic fatigue. So that would make sense. Right. 语法解析

39:11

Yeah. Where your results, like I said, were a little bit different was that you seem to be more efficient when you were using oxygenation for aerobic respiration. And we were a little bit perplexed by that, why you would have sort of… 语法解析

39:27

there would be poor glycolysis at the start. So that should be the process that requires less oxygen, but is less efficient at producing ATP and would lead to like lactic acid generation. But then you seem to do better when you had sort of a more 语法解析

39:42

when you were using oxygen to then have a more efficient way of producing lots of ATP. And I actually don't have lactic acid buildup, not only in the urine test, but also I've done blood lactate before and it's low. So it's weird, isn't it? 语法解析

39:58

Yeah, but we were discussing this actually with the person who runs the lab and actually we believe that because of your quite low carbohydrate diet and higher fat diet, that actually could have been 语法解析

40:18

one of the reasons why glucosis wasn't so efficient, but you were able to then produce ATP through kind of an alternative pathway. And that's why the aerobic respiration was better. - So this is this Randall effect, right? That your body tends to get good at either burning carb as a fuel or fat, but not great at both. Yeah, so I was maybe better at beta oxidation. We think that's probably true 'cause I do have a large amount of fat. Like a lot of my calories come from fat. I'm not keto, but it's definitely skews that way. 语法解析

40:47

I don't seem to have any problem digesting the fat or whatever, so it must be being burnt into a fuel. Let's just show the other one as well. Let's see if there's anything interesting there. And again, so why are we showing this? Just probably because you've never seen it before, right? This is extremely unusual that anyone does these tests. So that's one reason. And then also, so for the people who are very focused on 语法解析

41:15

longevity as you said this you know typically you've done it for chronic fatigue but someone with a good budget who wants to do all the tests they can for longevity this is definitely one worth considering right especially because you know we often see the other way around where people seem to have poor oxygenation and then that can if that um 语法解析

41:38

if that's poor, we can work on strategies to help improve oxidation, which can include things like using methylene blue or, or, and, 语法解析

41:47

CO2 therapy and, you know, like, so it could tailor sort of which treatments to optimize your health. Yes. Yeah, that makes sense. Let's explain what a couple of these mean for people. So mitochondrial health index, that's basically just like a summation of everything. Is that right? Exactly. So that's a summation of everything. Okay. 语法解析

42:10

So with that, I'm bad, stroke not great, because you want it to be over 2.5. What about coupling efficiency? What does that mean? So coupling efficiency basically refers to how effectively the energy that's produced through cellular respiration is used to generate ATP. So for example… 语法解析

42:37

Which basically means how effective the mitochondria are at making ATP is a simpler way to put that. But the… So if mine is almost perfect or in the target range, why is that score so much lower? Where's the disparity? So basically it means that somebody has a low coupling efficiency. It means that a large portion of the energy is lost as heat rather than being used as ATP production. 语法解析

43:05

and that can be a sign of mitochondrial dysfunction, that there's a reduced efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation. Now, the rape heat kind of followers are always obsessed with trying to decouple because they're trying to increase their body temperature and their heat, right? So is that a bad idea then from your point of view or this point of view? It's a good point. I mean, I guess that… 语法解析

43:34

Well, yeah, no, go ahead. Go ahead. Sorry. Well, to ask in a different way, like if my coupling efficiency is high, does that mean my decoupling is low or are they, you know, is it like you could be bad at both? You could be good at both. You could like, do you know what I mean? Like, are they antagonistic to each other or can you be good at coupling and good at decoupling? I think you can be good at both because generally you want high coupling. You want most of the energy to be used for ATP synthesis and you don't want 语法解析

44:03

You don't want the energy to be lost as heat. That basically just… Because that heat doesn't sort of help your body process. It just sort of is lost. So I think it's likely that you are a good… You're good at coupling and decoupling. I think that's how I've understood it. Okay. And so this one, reserve respiration capacity. Do you know what that one means? So… 语法解析

44:31

Reserved respiration capacity, it basically is a, I mean, I would say that it's basically how the mitochondria are able to gauge how much oxygen needs to be consumed to create ATP and how much oxygen needs to be consumed to create ATP. 语法解析

44:52

how much reserve they have to be able to respond to stress, to any kind of, any situation where more energy is required. 语法解析

45:03

Okay, so like emergency reserve, almost like a Jing from a Chinese medicine point of view. Exactly. And, you know, that's a marker that I frequently see as being low. And you kind of can even recognize that where a lot of people are like, I'm okay if I can function in this like very small bubble, but as soon as I'm stressed… 语法解析

45:24

I get fatigued or brain fog. And so it's something where, yeah, it's one of the more important markers on this test. Okay. All right. So this one, cell oxygen consumption profile. So maybe we can talk about all these together. Non-multicondrial respiration, a share of total respiration. So… 语法解析

45:45

it's saying like 40 of respiration is going on non-microchondrial respiration and you really want it to be below 10 so that's much higher than it should be um and then this one share of respiration used for mitochondria i guess that's just the opposite right so that's 53 and you want it to be above 90. so those are kind of um opposite you know in parallel to each other so 语法解析

46:07

I guess what they're saying is there's a lot of non-mitochondrial respiration going on for me. What does that mean? Is that common? And what do you do about it? Oh, sorry, not what you do about it. We'll do what you do about it next once we've gone through the test. What causes it? I guess that would be a better question. So generally it means that a lot of that respiration is being… 语法解析

46:28

a lot of that energy production is being lost to something else. So it usually means that there's some external factors that is using up your energy. So that could be responding to pathogens, to toxins. That's what I generally see. So if I see that, I see your profile there, I would want to do some further testing to see what could be 语法解析

46:52

using up some of that energy that's lost. Okay. And in our case, we thought maybe lead is the most obvious thing for that, but you would test all kinds of toxins like that, all kinds of infectious agents potentially. Exactly. Great. And this one, and that could explain why, even though I'm fairly good at making energy, the health index is still not very high because a lot of it's been lost. Is that kind of what we're… Exactly. Exactly. Yeah. Okay. And then the ATP turnover rate… 语法解析

47:21

ATP reserve, potential maximum oxygen consumption rate. Is there any of these that are worth focusing on? I mean, it's basically still sort of showing that, you know, your reserve is pretty low. So we'd want to improve that production of ATP. It's kind of reiterating some of the same things that we saw before. But also that you're not… 语法解析

47:46

consuming enough oxygen and potentially um but you know is it tough on in your case because i wonder if um for you it's maybe not necessarily a circulation issue but it may be those nutritional pathways are are affected as well by a stronger high fat diet um okay yeah have you 语法解析

48:11

done this testimony people want to because what confused me about this is i think when we first did this test you were saying that and then i was looking at people who other people who do this test and i found like a doctor who worked with chronic fatigue people who recommends this test who recommends a strict ketogenic diet to people so i'm like yeah are they seeing these numbers improve when people are on a strict ketogenic diet then like this glycolysis thing it seems like counterintuitive from not just you but what this lady who works at this company was saying 语法解析

48:39

Yeah, I mean, I haven't found the ketogenic diet to particularly improve the markers. But I, you know, I have to say that when I… Do you find it makes it worse? 语法解析

48:52

Again, there's so many factors. I definitely think that you then have to look at fat absorption and the gut microbiome as well as… So it's a tough one. I would say that this test gives us so many markers. I wouldn't say that every one of them is useful, but it does give us a lot of information. And I know that even though I have run this test quite frequently, it's more I like to sort of… 语法解析

49:18

look at it and see, okay, like there is an issue with mitochondria and we need to improve that. And either it's working on some potentially genetic factors of why the mitochondria might not be working so well or external factors. And this sort of helps us to tailor whether we need to work more on 语法解析

49:39

reducing inflammation. So I found it useful from that perspective. But some of the markers I don't find… I think they add to the story or to the theory but aren't crucial. Well, let's talk about that then. So let's talk about… So you just used a couple of examples. So what are the things that can go wrong then? You just gave a couple. Is there like… Do you have a list of the things that can go wrong and how you would deal with each one? Do you want to go through that? And I realise it's case by case, but it's very broad. Broad. So… 语法解析

50:09

You know, I found…so I think there is a genetic component to it and we know that… Yes, sorry, I was going to bring that up, yeah. Because for instance, so the mitochondria is inherited from the mother only, right? Exactly. That's an important distinction. So my mother had, you know, cancer several times, which is very much related to mitochondrial dysfunction. I think she had fatigue as well. So I'm pretty sure… 语法解析

50:35

I did not inherit some very good mitochondria from her. So how much impact does that have and what can be done about that? So, I mean, I think that… 语法解析

50:47

No, I think, I mean, I think there's generally genetics and there's epigenetics. So certainly you can always influence how efficiently, you know, you can always add in cofactors that help certain mitochondrial processes work faster or inhibit others. But, you know, we know that then if you did have that genetic mutation, you'd be at increased risk. So you'd want to be taking more of those cofactors. 语法解析

51:13

So what are those cofactors? Let's get into it. So, you know, things like, I mean, I like to use higher doses of CoQ10, NAD, and also just more… So NAD, like, there's no such thing as NAD, right? It's either nicotinamide, riboside, NMN. So what do you like to do? Because I really, yeah, I mean, I really like to use… 语法解析

51:40

I mean, not just NAD on its own. But there is no such thing as NAD, right? It's still a question. It's either NR or NMN or nicotinic acid or niacinamide. Yeah, well, yeah, nicotinamide would be sort of what I would be using in a supplemental form as kind of a raw material that we use to make NAD. But then I'd like to also use… 语法解析

52:08

actually like things like alpha lipoic acid, quercetin, also particularly ones that are derived from Sapphora japonica plant, which that tree has just a lot of powerful flavonoids. And you know, we think… Is that the one that resveratrol usually comes from? 语法解析

52:33

Not from my knowledge. Sorry, is there another name for it, I guess, that I'm familiar with? It rings a bell. It's very uponica. I know that apart from quercetin, you get rutin from it as well. So it's kind of like the different… There are a few flavonoids that are found in that tree. But we know that flavonoids plus the nicotinamide can really activate that NAD pathway. Yeah, that would be kind of another… 语法解析

53:02

that would be another sort of way to kind of improve your mitochondrial, to just kind of improve that cycle of ATP production. Okay. What other cofactors do you have in mind? I mean, like literally for energy production, there's like magnesium, there's a lot of B vitamins, right? B1, B5, B7. Do you use any of those? I'm just thinking like, what about bog standard cofactors? 语法解析

53:33

It was a tough one because I don't really… I like to look at somebody's neutral value and then figure out what they could be low in, but I generally find that most… 语法解析

53:44

Often I see sort of vitamins B5 as well, pantothenic acid, magnesium as well being quite low. And so those would be two that I would also consider replacing if it comes back low on a test. But I wouldn't, unlike something like a NutriVal, you just… 语法解析

54:05

There are so many things you could theoretically be taking to improve it that I think in order to prevent you from taking 100 things, it's just better to focus on the ones that you actually need. Yeah, I agree. Okay, so you don't just throw every nutrient you might need. You test to see what nutrients are low. Totally makes sense. Yeah. Okay, so that's one. 语法解析

54:25

You also said inflammation would be another kind of key thing that you'd focus on. Sorry, just to go back to what we said. So you said based on that mitochondrial test, you could see there could be different problems that you can identify and then treat. So one of them you said could be a lack of cofactors. You said inflammation is the next one. Is that right? Yeah. 语法解析

54:47

Yeah, I was going to say more like there are environmental factors that can damage the mitochondria. And that's where we get into like heavy metals, pesticides, viruses. And so let's talk about those. We've talked a lot about heavy metals. Well, we will do that today. But let's focus on the other two first. So pesticides, is that something you test for? 语法解析

55:10

I do. So there are certain environmental panels like what used to be called Great Plains Lab, but now Mosaic Medical. They do a tox panel that looks for phthalates and sort of exhaust type environmental pollutants, glyphosates. You can test for all of those now. Typically urine tests. 语法解析

55:36

My understanding is if you reduce exposure that they get cleared out of the system pretty quickly. Is that correct or incorrect in your experience? So when I say pretty quickly, I guess compared to something like heavy metals or mycotoxins that can take years. 语法解析

55:53

It's quite interesting because I don't find that. But then again, I think it all really depends on your detoxification pathways. But I found particularly some of my patients who've grown up in very polluted areas and now have lived in the countryside. Wow. 语法解析

56:10

lived in that countryside for 20 years, still are chock full of environmental pollutants. I guess you could argue that there could be pesticides in farming and things like that. - Countryside is more for the pesticides in my experience. Well, it depends where you are, right? In England, there seems to be, there's not a square foot of England that isn't covered in pesticides in my experience, but it depends where you are. 语法解析

56:28

Yeah, okay. So fair enough. So yeah, and of course, yeah, what I just said, I think that was based on studies where it seems to clear out the body pretty quickly. But I mean, you know, they can be misleading. Of course, it may be building up in tissues. And that's not as easy to see with a test. Yeah. 语法解析

56:43

So, okay, but in your experience, it can take a while, especially if someone's struggling to detoxify in general, right? Yeah, I guess to that point, no, you're right in the sense that like I typically don't use chelators for pesticides or for environmental pollutants, whereas I do with metals. Okay, so what do you do with pesticides? Sorry, before we go into metals. I mean, pesticides, I do more sort of supporting the liver detox pathways, the kidneys, and then also I do use certain binders, 语法解析

57:11

Occasionally things like cholestyramine as well, so bile acid binders, but then things like activated charcoal, zeolites, and then things like sauna or infrared sauna. But again, a lot of those patients are quite sensitive, so you have to do it for a longer period of time and in short bursts. Let's talk about cholestyramine for a second because… 语法解析

57:42

i know a lot of our followers are into detox but they haven't tried it or maybe they even have a negative view of it um so i think the main cause of it is just that it's i guess it's artificial that would be their view why use something artificial when you can use 语法解析

57:58

you know, something like activated charcoal, which is naturally natural. And then secondarily, the other objection, I guess, is, you know, it requires a prescription, it's more expensive. So like all in now, obviously we're talking about advanced longevity strategies. So, you know, but even if someone is advanced, even if someone, you know, they can afford it and they're happy to do whatever's best, like why is cholesteramine, you know, worth going to the extra trouble for in your experience? Yeah. 语法解析

58:27

I think the fact that it's just so specific as a bile acid binder and how we eliminate not just 语法解析

58:36

environmental pollutant type toxins but also things like mycotoxins a lot of that does require a healthy liver gallbladder bile duct and that is an area where typically we find a lot of pathology in today's society so in a way it's really helping with that access that often doesn't work very well for many people 语法解析

58:58

But compared to charcoal, which was supposed to do something pretty similar, why would you prefer the cholesteramine? I've just had, I guess, clinically, I've found some people can tolerate cholesteramine a bit better, whereas some people with, I mean, there is a theory as well that it just is better able to eliminate more. But some people, some of my patients just have had cholesteramine 语法解析

59:26

reactions to charcoal and they seem to tolerate cholesteramine. Also, they may have fat malabsorption issues and actually that's bile. So that cholesteramine can also help with that. So it can help both with the eliminating toxins, but also help with absorption of fats and also fat soluble vitamins. So it has just some extra added benefits. Okay. 语法解析

59:55

Okay, great. And anything else on the subject of generally supporting detoxification that you want to recommend? I'll just make another point about the cholesteramine because I think one of the issues with it is that you can get it as a medication, but that medication tends to have artificial sweeteners and some additives. And it is a little bit more difficult to get compounded cholesteramine where you just have the powder and you typically have to… 语法解析

01:00:24

find a compounding pharmacy that will supply that. So I would use charcoal over colostrum in people where we just can't access the, you know, we can only access the pharmaceutical one. 语法解析

01:00:39

Yeah, yeah, fair enough. I agree with that. Yeah. But I also agree. I prefer the color styrene personally to the charcoal. But you know, I just wanted I think most people who are, you know, if they're using any binder, they're probably not using color styrene who are watching. So I wanted to ask you about it. Okay, that's great. Again, anything you want to add about generally supporting detox? Or do you want to move on to heavy metals? 语法解析

01:01:03

I'm also a fan of, well, on the sort of case for saunas, not just sauna, but if you are somebody who can exercise, just trying to activate sweating, I think is very important as a phase one detox mechanism. And because I think people always assume like detox has to be this big sort of expensive like package thing that people sign up to, but it's just even simple practices like sweating out toxins and 语法解析

01:01:32

And, you know, we know even from a heavy metals perspective that there are some toxins that certain metals that don't react very well to chelators and really all you can do is sweat and use certain binders. Yep. I started studying that recently that in sweat there was like double of most of the heavy metals per milliliter compared to urine. So it's actually more effective than going through. And then it saves the kidneys and the bladder having to deal with them because it goes straight from the lymph. 语法解析

01:01:59

It's pushed out through the skin. So I 100% agree with that. And I also 100% want to emphasize the exercise thing. I think you don't even have to sweat. The difference between being sedentary versus walking an hour a day and not pushing yourself hard enough to sweat in terms of how much it would move lymph… 语法解析

01:02:15

and help to detoxify even that makes a difference so even if you don't like some people don't like to sweat i've noticed especially women when they're exercising uh but you know any movement is going to be good for detox right better than not moving 语法解析

01:02:29

Exactly. And I would also just say keeping your liver and kidney healthy. I see quite a lot of abnormal renal markers nowadays in younger people. Let's talk about that then. So yeah, what can you do to keep your kidney healthy? Oh, and sorry to interrupt you. Why do you think you're seeing more abnormal renal markers? 语法解析

01:02:50

Well, I used to think it was because actually people were overdosing on protein and it was just too much for the kidney to handle. I think that still might be the case. You know, people who used to be having like four grams per kilogram, I just think it's too much. I didn't know people were doing that. I mean, maybe bodybuilders or something. Is that that common? Yeah, I'd say more that cohort of people. But bodybuilders, I mean, you have a lot of males who are trying to 语法解析

01:03:18

emulate that I feel like where it's just um you know lunch is an entire chicken and and then whey protein shake after whey protein shakes but I think it's a I would say probably too much dirty protein as I would say like um non-organic a lot of toxins added and I think just the combination of that is really having a toxic effect on the kidneys um 语法解析

01:03:42

So that's one reason. And then I just think generally more toxins in our food, in our air is just overloading and people forget that the kidney is as important of a detox organ as the liver. Okay. Yeah, mind stunning is… 语法解析

01:03:59

I know that they both constantly detoxify, but that once the liver is overloaded, the kidneys are kind of a backup system. But the difference is the liver is more regenerative, whereas the kidneys aren't, right? So that might be where you see the kidney markers go up before the liver markers. Actually, the liver might be the problem first. 语法解析

01:04:15

but the liver is kind of very good at regenerating itself, so it often takes a while before you see liver markers. But then once the liver is overloaded, the kidneys become overwhelmed, and then the kidney markers do change quite quickly. Is that a reasonable theory? Yeah, I mean, that's my understanding too. But you'll notice actually even in the… 语法解析

01:04:32

In the supplement world, there's now a lot more targeted things, particularly for kidney health. And there are certain… I mean, certain herbs, like, for example, dandelion are supposed to be equally good for the liver and the kidney, but there are others that seem to be… have at least some evidence to support that they could improve kidney filtration markers. Well, let's talk about that. So, yeah, I mean, the typical kidney herbs are all I've really heard. You know, it's always… 语法解析

01:05:01

dandelion, nettle, burdock, juniper, that kind of thing like corn silk, all of those kind of formulas, goldenrod, that's uva ursi. Those kind of formulas are what you see when you look at 95% of supplements anyway in the kidney space. So people have probably really heard of those or tried those. What's your opinion on those? And then also what I'm interested in is what else is out there? Is there any other option? 语法解析

01:05:27

I like to use Quicksilver scientific products for metals detox. And they have a specific blend for kidney health that has astragalus, but like the active ingredient of astragalus. Astragalus side 4? 语法解析

01:05:51

yeah yeah astragaloside four um i think and ferulic acid as well as um those two in combination and then i think there's an herbal blend there as well that has dandelion goldenrod uh poria or fooling 语法解析

01:06:06

um hashu maybe chinese ones yeah romania that kind of thing okay um i mean i would say the tcm focuses a lot more on the kidneys and how uh and so i and i just you know i think they have um 语法解析

01:06:22

they've always seemed to focus on the kidneys more than we have. I feel like in the West, we're sort of like ignoring the kidneys. And even when you go to conventional GP, it's like when your markers are out of range, you're often just told, oh, you must be dehydrated and then we'll recheck. And then often they don't recheck. So you just don't ignore it if it comes up. Don't just assume it's because you're dehydrated, I would say. There is also some evidence of using specific immunosuppressants 语法解析

01:06:48

like leucine and glycine for kidney health. At the top of my head, I'm blanking as to why exactly for kidney health, but it was in kind of a lecture about particular amino acids too that are crucial for the kidney. Because of course, when someone does have kidney damage, you're taught to limit the amount of protein you're eating. But there is actually, I would say just on that note, 语法解析

01:07:19

you know you'll hear things like if you are somebody with compromised kidney function uh you should be you know you should be having less than like 30 grams of protein a day 语法解析

01:07:30

a pretty low amount, but there is some evidence to support that actually plant-based proteins don't have that same negative effect. So you can actually increase your protein count using plant-based sources of protein, which might be a bit controversial, I guess, for your viewers, but that's at least from a kidney health perspective, something that I've seen. Mm-hmm. 语法解析

01:07:52

Okay. Yeah, fair enough. I think I've seen that as well. And, you know, back to what you said a few minutes ago, you said like four grams of protein per kilo is excessive. So for the person watching this, maybe they think the kidneys are a bit suboptimal, but it hasn't, you know, it's not a disease or anything hasn't been picked up. What is the upper level of protein that you think is safe or fine, let's say, for the kidneys? I mean, I probably wouldn't be 语法解析

01:08:20

Going more than like one and a half grams per kilo, which may seem a bit low, but, you know, and I guess on top of that, I'd be trying to figure out why is the kidney, why are the kidneys not working to optimal capacity and heavy metals could be a big part of that. So it may not just be that your kidneys are shutting down only because of the excess protein and troubles detoxing it. Yeah, I have to say I am more on the side of the, 语法解析

01:08:48

toxins theory than the excess protein theory because I think there are certain 语法解析

01:08:53

you know, people in the past who would have eaten a very heavily protein diet and not had an issue going back, you know, thousands, tens of thousands of years or whatever. So I think the toxin thing definitely resonates with me more. So, okay, let's talk about heavy metals, right? I've done a whole episode on this. So I recommend people check that out if they want a thorough guide. But this is like Dr. Miriam's strategy. And if this is a big deal, there are some people, I'm not 100% convinced they're wrong, that 语法解析

01:09:21

think that heavy metals are the primary cause of all aging you know not even just premature aging um they're a very big deal and in that category we could include things like as you mentioned earlier iron and copper which are technically in that category that are also nutritional metals there are you know schools of thought that believe copper toxicity is the number one thing there are schools of thought that believe that iron toxicity is the number one thing um 语法解析

01:09:45

You know, you've been trained in systems that believe heavy metal toxins are at least a big deal, right? So what is your take on this? How important are they? How much of a priority should testing and treating them be? 语法解析

01:09:58

What do you see most commonly? I guess, yeah, tell us the whole. Yeah. Can I just add one more point about the proteins? I promise I'll go into this. But just to add, I think one of the big issues are people, some people really struggle to break down proteins from food. And so in terms of like what I, you know, for somebody that might have reduced protein, 语法解析

01:10:22

kidney function who you know we're trying to limit their protein intake to 1.5 grams per kilo I wouldn't count things like 语法解析

01:10:32

like gelatin or pre-digested proteins where you're really just getting the amino acids, it seems like that's better tolerated. And so I just wonder if maybe it could, again, be a digestibility issue. And once you have those larger fragments, the kidneys are struggling. So maybe just something to take into account. That's a good distinction. Okay. So what does that mean? Even people using lots of whey protein isolate or whatever, that's fine? 语法解析

01:10:59

No, I mean, well, I'd say more… So it's really going to be hydrolyzed down to individual amino acids. Exactly. Hydrolyzed forms. Yeah. But then… Let's get to heavy metals then. Yeah. Heavy metals. No, I definitely think it's a major source of aging and age-related… A major contributor to aging and age-related diseases. I guess, you know, we don't… The trouble is, of course, you know, we are living longer. And I guess you could have said that… Are we? In the last 50 or 100 years? 语法解析

01:11:27

Well, more so than if we look at the life expectancy 100 years ago, you know, we had, I would say that that's increased. But if you remove infant mortality, is the average person who lives beyond the age of two actually gone up in the last 100 years? 语法解析

01:11:42

My understanding is that the answer is no. Really? Okay. I mean, I think… Well, I have to say at post, maybe in the last few years, you are seeing a lot more mortality in people in their 50s than you were previously. But I would say that I think overall the age… But no, I'd have to look a bit more into that. But I would say we… I'll look it up right now for you, Karen. But definitely we know that… 语法解析

01:12:09

that heavy metals tend to accumulate in your body over time and then they get stored in bones, organs, and then sit there and contribute to oxidative stress, which then damages cellular components such as your mitochondria, and that can accelerate the aging process. 语法解析

01:12:35

And we also know that if we think about brain cognitive aging, we know that chronic exposure to heavy metals can also lead quite a bit of inflammation in the brain and then can really overwhelm those glymphatic processes in the brain to get rid of toxins. 语法解析

01:12:56

And then I think also we know that heavy metals can even influence DNA methylation and can actually… 语法解析

01:13:08

you know, hinder that process and then make people more susceptible to certain, even certain developmental disorders. I know, again, from working with children and adults who've been sort of on the autistic spectrum that we see a huge heavy metal burden in many of those patients. Okay. 语法解析

01:13:30

I fact checked it, you're right. The last 100 years definitely has gone up. The last 50 years it hasn't. So that's the distinction. But I'm still not convinced that this disproves the heavy metal theory because we had a lot of exposure to toxic metals 100 years ago and even 200 years ago. You know, even, you know, it's just about one of the theories of the Roman Empire is that they ended through lead toxicity, right? So this is something that's been going on a long time potentially. 语法解析

01:13:59

that some metals at least we would have been exposed to toxic levels of certainly if you include things like iron and copper you know these are things that we've had a lot of exposure to for a long time there's also the issue of um so there's a lot more novel toxins now but i think i remember reading that even some areas of the world like like they talk about climate change but there's a lot more people who die from cold than heat in the sense that um 语法解析

01:14:27

Because it's cold, they burn fires and through the smoke inhalation, they get poisoned by that and they die. And so most of our ancestors, unless we were in a warm climate all year round, we would have faced the choices of either freezing or being inside a structure where there was smoke. And we'd be constantly breathing in that smoke, which would be poisoning us with a variety of things, including heavy metals, right? 语法解析

01:14:50

So that's at least so long as we've had civilizations where we have contained dwellings and fires, we've been suffering from heavy metal toxicity from that, as well as food, as well as well water contamination, high iron, you know. Like, yeah, I just want to say I don't think that I, yeah, I think that we have way more toxins down than before because we've invented toxins. 语法解析

01:15:15

hundreds of thousands of them but heavy metals has been something pretty consistent for our least civilization is my understanding yeah i mean i would say actually from that perspective it's a little bit like with you know with inflammation that a lot of people have a chronic low level of inflammation that over time really builds up and causes um you know causes issues with detoxification puts stress on the organs but we don't sort of notice it 语法解析

01:15:41

as quickly as somebody who, you know, would potentially get lung cancer from breathing in a lot of toxins. And then that would just be a sort of a quick way to go. You know, so I almost feel that we're not necessarily suffering as much unable to work and live, but often people are just not living optimally because they have that, you 语法解析

01:16:05

you know, they have that low level kind of toxicity that is actually causing a lot of problems in the long term. Yes. Yeah, absolutely. Yeah. That's more how heavy metals affect us, right? Unless it's acute, which is much more rare, I think these days than 50 years ago, acute heavy metal poisoning throughout most of the world, certainly. Um, 语法解析

01:16:26

but it's still, it's the chronic accumulation. So, okay, so should we move on to your favorite treatment modalities? For metal, for heavy metals, yes. Yeah, so I am a fan of using oral chelators for testing and also for the treatment process. So I do like to use an 语法解析

01:16:49

uh, compounds like EDTA with alpha lipoic acid, um, uh, particularly for, particularly for mercury, arsenic, cadmium toxicity. Cadmium is a tricky one that that is one that often does take a long time to get into the system and you often need to combine it with a lot of sweating. And, um, but, uh, I, I like to use that. I like to use DMSA as well. Um, as you know, um, 语法解析

01:17:15

people have worked with me, I often use DMSA for the test. And then if there is a high level of heavy metals that we find, then I'll often continue that DMSA until you use it up. And then we'll often transition to a EDTA alpha lipoic acid combination. The idea being that the addition of that alpha lipoic acid 语法解析

01:17:37

The alpha-lipoic acid itself does have some metal chelating properties, but it's also a very potent antioxidant. So when you're actually releasing the metals from the organ, that is by and of itself an inflammatory process. So we think that the alpha-lipoic acid can make the Hertzheimer reactions a little bit less severe. Yeah. 语法解析

01:17:56

Yeah, and, you know, I remember you introduced me to DMSA. I'd heard a lot of negative things about it anecdotally, but when I looked at the studies on it, it seemed like it was actually highly effective, not only at getting the metals out, but, like, improving all kinds of health markers for people. So that was very interesting to me. There are a bunch of people, and it's not just, you know, random people in forums. It's a lot of health influencers who are very against it, though. A lot of them say, you know, it made them feel terrible. It created a lot more problems than it solved. 语法解析

01:18:25

So do you have any idea why there is such a disparity between what the study showed that is pretty effective versus what a lot of people's experiences that they feel like it made them feel worse and sometimes it ruined them for years? That's what I've heard from people. No, it's interesting because I mean, I would say that depending on the dosing, you know, if someone has a lot of hepatitis, 语法解析

01:18:47

heavy metal toxicity and their detoxification organs don't work very well and you suddenly give them a high dose of DMSA, they're going to release a lot and that can actually make them quite sick. So, you know, so for certain people, I would actually use smaller amounts even for the testing. I would reduce the dose that people would take for the urine testing, like those who have 语法解析

01:19:08

kidney issues, some who have hypersensitivity. So I think it may be the case that they just went a little bit too strong with those chelators. But I've just found them to work better than the more kind of natural things like chlorella. I've just never found that to work. And there's some 语法解析

01:19:29

Studies to suggest that it's actually not really doing very much chelating wise that it's sort of moving things around but then the metals just settle. So, um, and I guess it's, is it the file portion of it? Cause a lot of these are file like, um, based formulas, right? Alpha lipoic acid is DMSA is EDTA isn't, but most of them are. Um, so what about the argument I've heard? Um, 语法解析

01:19:56

someone that almost everyone listening to this, I think, would have heard of, but I don't want to say in case it's wrong and I don't want to put words in the wrong person's mouth, but the argument that, like, the heavy metals when they're in the bones, like, especially lead, but it can be other ones, right? Like, I think cadmium as well. Like, they're fairly inert and harmless, and then when you take things like the MSA, you're actually liberating them where they could go to the brain or, you know, create a lot more damage. What do you think of that argument? I mean, it's… 语法解析

01:20:27

It's interesting when I just, yeah, I mean, I've always been taught that you just don't want that sitting in your bone. And, you know, I mean, theoretically, you could, I mean, by that logic, if you then have bone demineralization, wouldn't you be releasing some of those metals anyway? And so you're better off trying to do it in a controlled way. 语法解析

01:20:49

rather than just leaving it and waiting for it to solve a little bit like I mean it's kind of like with mercury fillings you're saying that like actually if you have the mercury in you but the filling is intact you're fine which we know is not the case because you just get leaking some people do say that they don't say you're fine but they say that like removing it is 语法解析

01:21:07

so toxic to the body that in some cases you might want to leave it so I guess that's a similar argument yeah I guess it's I mean for the for mercury fillings you know I would always advocate going to a dentist that uses this called the smart protocol where they actually are talking about like 语法解析

01:21:24

how what you should be taking prior to removing the mercury filling and how you should be supporting the detoxification organs and the binders you should be taking because i agree like if you just remove the filling and expose the person to a lot of mercury it could cause them a lot of um uh could cause a lot of issues and rather than helping them well let's talk about i guess the most common heavy metals a little bit then if you before we finish so um 语法解析

01:21:49

Let's talk about, okay, we started with mercury. So mercury fillings is a big one. So you've just given your recommendation for that. Do remove them, but do do it the right way, right? The smart way. The other major mercury source that people have these days is fish. I understand it, right? Especially the big fish. 语法解析

01:22:08

Do you personally recommend people don't eat fish or not to eat big fish like tuna or where do you stand on the spectrum there? It's a really tough one because I used to say, oh, avoid the bigger fish or only get the smaller fish, things like sardines. 语法解析

01:22:27

herring, anchovies. But I found, I mean, and I see that because when people, people are supposed to not have seafood for two weeks before they do their urine metals tests. And anyone that forgets and has one serving, we see their mercury go up. So I think at this point, there's really no safe fish. But 语法解析

01:22:50

From an omega-3 protein perspective, I just wouldn't be having fish every day, every meal. People that do, I always just see have sky-high mercury levels. So I would say I would have the fish in moderation, trying to have more of the smaller fish, but then I would actually consider doing maybe milder chelating protocols first, 语法解析

01:23:16

in everybody every couple of years because I just feel like it's unavoidable now. So would you actually say that really everyone 语法解析

01:23:27

And in a way, actually, the people who most perhaps have a heavy metal issue, they're the ones who should be most careful of DMA, potentially, because they're more likely to have a negative response. But the normal, quote-unquote normal person who doesn't have heavy metal poisoning that they're aware of, but is just into longevity, that they would actually be smart to do like a regular metal chelation protocol like you just said. 语法解析

01:23:51

I would, because I've seen heavy metals also impact sleep and energy levels. And we know that they cause oxidative stress. So, you know, if you're going to be investing so much in your longevity, you might as well just make sure that you're not, you know, that you're making sure you're eliminating those toxins that inevitably will accumulate. Mm-hmm. 语法解析

01:24:14

And I agree with what you said. I think, unfortunately, things like chlorella and cilantro are completely useless for detox. But I will say, since I've been doing the high level of EGCG, 语法解析

01:24:25

I did a test recently of urine and the lead was actually high in my urine, which I consider a good sign because it means my body's actually getting it out, which it normally wouldn't be. And EGCG is supposed to be a good lead chelator. So maybe EGCG is actually effective. Probably not as much as DMSA still. Well, definitely not. But for those who do not want to take a kind of a drug type thing, 语法解析

01:24:50

Because EGCG is just a green tea extract. Maybe that's something that would have some validity. Is anything else kind of more natural that although it's not as good and you don't recommend it as often that you would say still is better than nothing? 语法解析

01:25:03

Well, even I would say alpha lipoic acid on its own does have some chelating properties. And I have seen metal levels go down just by using that. Because I've, again, you know, when I've worked with children, some parents haven't really been on board with using EDTA, which I can understand. And if it was, you know, a child that was otherwise functioning well, but they had an intermediate level of chelation, 语法解析

01:25:28

of metals, I was respecting their wishes and we would try binders plus things like alpha lipoic acid. We did see some improvements. 语法解析

01:25:38

And so just to explain to people, because alpha lipoic acid kind of sounds like another chemical, but alpha lipoic acid is something that isn't a vitamin because it's something your body can make itself. But that's the point. It's something that your body can and does make itself, alpha lipoic acid. So unlike DMSA or EDTA, it's not like a foreign created chemical. It is something that your body makes itself and just, you know, sometimes it struggles to make enough and you can give it 语法解析

01:26:03

some extra from externally, right? So it is very natural, alpha lipoic acid, actually more than EGCG. EGCG is green tea extract, but it's still not something your body makes itself. So if you wanted things that are very natural, probably alpha lipoic acid makes sense to be at the top of the list, really. In an ideal world, you'd meet all of your nutritional needs in the form of vitamins, minerals, phytonutrients, and more from the foods you eat. However, unless you prepare all of your food at home from scratch using the highest quality ingredients possible, the reality is that most of us need some nutritional support. 语法解析

01:26:32

Most of us need to take supplements if we want to look, feel, and perform at our best on a consistent daily basis. And this is especially true if you have genes that give you an elevated need of certain nutrients. And this is where Feel Younger can help. What I love about Feel Younger is that they offer a huge range of 语法解析

01:26:48

quality supplements and healthcare products formulated and endorsed by Owen Robinson, including must-haves like magnesium glycinate and vitamins B12, D3, and K2. And they do it at affordable prices with free shipping for orders over $50 without ever compromising on quality, purity, or potency. 语法解析

01:27:06

To learn more about how Feel Younger supplements can give your health a boost while supporting this podcast, please visit feelyounger.net and use promo code REJUVENATE to get 20% off your first order. That's promo code REJUVENATE for 20% off your first order at feelyounger.net. And so what else should we be doing to support detoxification in general, I guess? 语法解析

01:27:27

I would say of heavy metals, I'm making sure that you're having daily bowel movements is a big one. And especially if I would say patients who maybe are on a more like lower FODMAP, carnivore, ketogenic style diet, one of the things I hear a lot is, you know, concerns with constipation. So that's one of the reasons why I'm always trying to push for a little bit of 语法解析

01:27:56

prebiotic or some sort of fiber because I just find it's very instrumental for the detoxification process. And so, you know, there's this push-catch concept of you've got to, you want to encourage your liver and gallbladder to push toxins and then you want to catch them. So we've actually talked about catch already, which is the binder portion of things. But what about the push portion? What do you recommend to keep the liver and gallbladder and the bile flowing? So I like to use 语法解析

01:28:26

things like certain herbs, certain like digestive bitters. I mean, I like to use things like magnesium citrate. But I would say from a kind of… Because gut motility I find is a huge issue and one that I more frequently see 语法解析

01:28:44

gut microbiome imbalance is because of motility and stress and rather than necessarily, and thyroid issues actually, but rather than, you know, necessarily what people are eating in their gut microbiome, I think the motility contributes to the poor microbiome. I really like to use also things like rhubarb, 语法解析

01:29:06

but like Chinese rhubarb, yeah, rhubarb roots. Um, cause I'm, I'm not a huge fan of like laxatives, even the more natural ones like Senna. Um, I just find that that can be overstimulating and really can contribute to a bit of a lazy bowel. Um, 语法解析

01:29:23

Those are the things that come to my mind. There's more, but again, it kind of has to be a bit more personalized. What about something for the liver like Tudka or choline or anything like that? Yeah, I do use… Actually, I do use a lot of Tudka, particularly, again, when it looks like people are struggling with fat malabsorption. And also, even quite basic things, like I really like to use milk thistle, some of the herbs that… 语法解析

01:29:51

things like dandelion as well for liver health. And choline, I tend to use more phosphatidylcholine, but I wouldn't say, yeah, it's just, again, there's so much you can use that I wouldn't say that it's kind of my first go-to particularly for liver health, but definitely does have some evidence to back it up. Okay. And so we talked a bit about lead because I always talk about lead and we talked a bit about mercury. Any other heavy metal that you see a lot that you think is worth mentioning? 语法解析

01:30:23

So a lot of arsenic toxicity. And, you know, we think that might be as well because of… 语法解析

01:30:30

people eating more rice and rice and chicken are sort of the big ones that often come up. But I wonder also if people who are maybe avoid, we see a lot more people avoiding gluten nowadays, but then they often are substituting with rice, rice-based products. So I wonder if that could be contributing. And is there any special kind of arsenic detoxification thing or is it kind of the usual stuff we've already talked about? 语法解析

01:30:59

I find EDTA has been pretty effective for eliminating arsenic. And actually, I mean, these happen quite quickly. I would say that with a six-week course of EDTA, I frequently see the metals go down by half. Not in everybody, but it isn't something that you're on for like years. You know, it seems to be relatively quick. And you're talking about a liposomal form, I believe, right? You're not talking about IV? Yes, I only really use liposomal and oral forms. And I think that's a good thing. 语法解析

01:31:29

See, metal detoxification isn't really regulated, at least in the UK. But there's, I would say IVs, you have to be very careful. I would say I think it's just a bit too strong of a way to get rid of heavy metals. And if you're somebody who potentially could get sick with too strong of a dose of chelators, then the IV is just going to be that much stronger. So it wouldn't be my first choice. 语法解析

01:31:57

Okay, great. What about aluminium? I hear a lot about these these days because it's, I guess, there's a lot of it in certain medications that people are taking. Do you actually see high levels of aluminium, especially when you do like a provoking test to get people to, you know, get metals out of storage or in reality, in practice, are you not really seeing much of it? Sorry, and aluminium is what I'm talking about for my American friends. Yeah, I was going to say… 语法解析

01:32:23

personally, that was the one I was high in. When I, I studied kind of in an area that had an aluminum smelting factory about 100, apparently like 100 kilometers away, but I had high levels of aluminum and, and, 语法解析

01:32:38

that seems to respond quite well to a lot of sweating and so sauna I did use EDTA for that as well as I am and I do see yeah I see it quite a lot I didn't think about actually the aluminums added to processed foods I was thinking it more from an industrial perspective the medications that they inject in children so I was referring to they've almost all got aluminium in these days and 语法解析

01:33:04

There's theories about it, but okay. You're not seeing it much in people. It's not like everyone's full of aluminium anyway. I mean, in children, I would say I often see high levels of all the metals. And to me, that's more of a sign that it's poor detoxification and not necessarily exposure to all of them. So yeah, I guess that's an important point to make. If you're high in all the metals, then… 语法解析

01:33:29

Clearly, it's more of an organ issue. Whereas if you're very high in one, we would suspect that it would be an exposure to something not necessarily recent, but more of an acute exposure. That makes sense. Okay. 语法解析

01:33:45

Just before we finish, the one other thing, and I think this is probably the last element of the mitochondria, because we're still kind of talking about that, right? Because heavy metals can really affect mitochondria. Mitophagy. So I think we talked about autophagy actually in the last episode. So that's like the recycling of cells, the body breaking down cells that are not working as well. And it's kind of, 语法解析

01:34:05

Like senolytics, I guess, are in that category that we talked about earlier, but that's specifically senescent cells. So mitophagy is mitochondria that are not working as well and recycling them, right? So what's your take on mitophagy? And do you do it? Do you recommend things for it? All that kind of stuff. I mean, I think by the, you know, in a way, as you said, it's quite, it's… 语法解析

01:34:27

a similar process to senescent cells, but just mitophagy, just selectively degrading kind of the dysfunctional mitochondria. And we know that, so I do think it's worth trying to enhance mitophagy. Again, just going back to even exercise and movement, we know that's a very potent stimulator of mitophagy. 语法解析

01:34:51

And that's also where we kind of lump in things like calorie restriction that can promote mitophagy. It's a tough one though because I know now a lot of people are coming off of the promotion of calorie. Well, I say calorie restriction I think still has a lot of evidence. It's more the intermittent fasting that I think some people are kind of a… 语法解析

01:35:21

finding that for optimal adrenal hormonal balance might not be the best but i was gonna say yeah because it's spiking the adrenals when you're not eating for too long is that why no yes exactly but i mean i think it's quite interesting and also suppressing the thyroid potentially right which is a big deal when it comes to mitochondria um i've always thought i mean i know we talked about the glp-1 medications last episode but i was i'm just quite curious with uh 语法解析

01:35:48

you know people do tend to calorie restrict on you know whilst on those sort of injections if that's going to have a good effect on on uh just longevity we'll see i keep i keep posting articles of people with new side effects coming up the latest one was some famous singer who became blind which apparently is a a um a trend of happening to a bunch of people but 语法解析

01:36:12

But we talked about this in the last episode. When you're using it, you're using way less than the minimum amounts usually used, which I think is much more reasonable and sensible and much, much less likely to lead to those kind of side effects. So I think people are massively overdoing it. They're already eating nutritionally depleted diets. They then artificially lower their hunger and then they're even more nutritionally deficient. And of course, over time, that's going to cause severe problems. But… 语法解析

01:36:38

There are some people who are eating just too much because of leptin intolerance, leptin resistance, various different reasons. And, you know, to just… 语法解析

01:36:47

calm that digestion down a little bit so they're less hungry. With a GLP-1, as long as it's not excessive and as long as they're eating well, I can see how that would be beneficial, which explains why some people, they do get benefit from it, right? They lose weight, they feel, you know, their insulin resistance gets better, a bunch of different markers get better and, you know, good for them. So it is a case-by-case basis. Yeah. I mean, I just would, I know, you know, we think that there are some better ways 语法解析

01:37:15

GLP-1s than others. But what I find interesting is, you know, ideally, if someone is calorie restricting, they then should be using the calories they are having to have the most nutrient-dense foods. And what I have found is that some people who are, like I said, microdosing on certain GLP-1s, they seem to be in a better headspace to actually make those choices where they're like, okay, now I have my lunch and I know that… 语法解析

01:37:44

I get full quite quickly, but I'm going to eat a very nutrient-dense meal rather than going straight for processed carbs. So I think that could be helpful. Yeah, I think so long as they're doing that, I think a lot of these cases of where people look and they're shading all the rest of it is because they're not doing that, right? Yeah, exactly. Yeah. 语法解析

01:38:02

So, okay, just back to mitophagy then. So as you said, so calorie restriction, exercise. What about like I think spermidine and subroxy, the two that I'm familiar with that are quite powerful, like herbal-ish, food-based, I guess, ones? What's your opinion on those? Yeah, I mean, I… 语法解析

01:38:26

I took Spermidine just for that reason. And I've recommended it for people who just want to take anything that could help. And it's a tough one because I think it's one that I think somebody would have to take long enough to see if they see improvements in some of their longevity markers. But I haven't seen that somebody notices something different when they then stop taking it. Yeah. 语法解析

01:38:56

But, you know, I think it couldn't hurt. I think we need more studies on spermidine. Is there anything in that category that you do think is more robustly evidence for it being worthwhile? I know there's actually, I mean, this is more kind of on the pharmaceutical angle, but there is actually a few of the anti-worm, anti-parasitic medications that are 语法解析

01:39:23

or have actually been shown to enhance metophagy. I think we're allowed to talk about them on YouTube these days, so go ahead. Oh, yeah. So I know there's one, like… Now I'm blanking the name of it. I'll look it up, actually. But there is one that can activate a pathway. I think it's niclosamide. Yeah, so that… 语法解析

01:39:52

I'm quite interested in, I know there's been also, you know, there have been some studies about using these sort of anti-helminthic drugs for other processes as well, immune regulating processes, etc. 语法解析

01:40:07

But it's tough. I think we need more research and even, I would say, more people interested in longevity who are actively taking these and then seeing if they see improvements in their markers. But I mean, personally, other agents like Mitopur, which are just like ubiquinone type agents, haven't really, in clinical practice, seen a big improvement in symptoms yet. 语法解析

01:40:34

And that's often what my patients are after, is they actually want to see, like, feel different. So you need sort of a diligent person who's actually just taking it for the sake of trying to improve their markers on testing, and then necessarily feeling better, which most people I don't think would do. 语法解析

01:40:54

Okay, well, that's a good place to finish with then. So in terms of actually feeling better, feeling younger, and it doesn't have to be what we just talked about, I guess it's 80 thing over the last two, three episodes. What's your, it's up to you how many you want to say, top one, top two, top three, like, what's your most recommended? Most recommended? Strategies, I guess it could be a substance, could be an activity, it could be a not doing something, just whatever. 语法解析

01:41:21

I mean, movement, I would say, is probably number one. Just, again, because of lymphatics, eliminating toxins, and one that I find people generally need more of nowadays. 语法解析

01:41:38

Two, I mean, I am a big fan of these antioxidants, so I'm a bit biased maybe now, but I have a big fan of EGCG particularly. So I would say… Really? The last few weeks, that's shifted to number two. That's interesting. I have to say, so just for people who haven't been able to tolerate taking certain B vitamins, zinc, it's actually worked wonders for me and many of my patients, so I recommend that. 语法解析

01:42:07

Oh, it's three… I mean, I guess we're going to talk about this next, but I've been actually quite impressed with certain peptides and particularly for feeling younger. Oh, yeah, let's do that as a preview for the next episode. Go for it, yeah. And I've just been impressed at how… No, sorry, like, tell us a couple and then we'll talk about them fully next time. So it's a teaser. I mean, peptides like epithelon, iprimirelin, I've actually… 语法解析

01:42:37

I found them very effective for even helping with like regulating circadian rhythms. Some of my patients who've been like 语法解析

01:42:47

chronic insomniacs or night owls seem to be getting sleepier with these and then having better sleep and then having more energy during the day. So I've been very impressed by that. And we know that sleep is so important for longevity. That should probably be my number three. But, you know, I think the problem is, is that a lot of people struggle with their sleep. So, but I would say that's been, I've been quite impressed with that. 语法解析

01:43:16

MOTC, more from the mitochondrial perspective and helping to improve mitochondrial function. So those will be probably some of the more basic ones we've spoken about that I think have 语法解析

01:43:28

there's enough people taking them that I would feel like we have a bit, at least some, maybe more anecdotal evidence, but in larger numbers to justify their use. And they actually work. That's the crucial thing that you're saying, like noticeably so. All right, well, fantastic. We'll talk about that in the next episode. So you heard it. We talked about a lot of advanced things, but… 语法解析

01:43:51

regular frequent movement and sleep still some of the top things as always but just because you heard it a million times before don't dismiss it if it's something that you have trouble with I mean I'll honestly say like I still have issues with sleep I've been honest about that I've never been able to get to sleep early 语法解析

01:44:10

I've never been able to sleep perfectly. Well, not never, probably since I was a child anyway. It's one of the things that makes things more difficult. I'm sure it's one of the factors as to why my mitochondria is not as good as it could be, although there's others. And so even if it's, you know, and with exercise for some people, it's the same thing. They really struggle to get themselves to get up and move. But whatever it may be for you, just keep doing your best. Keep, you know, learning new things. Keep trying new things. These things are worth continually improving. 语法解析

01:44:39

Yeah. No, and I would say that's where I think it would be time to get more personalized because, you know, if somebody does have like an oxygenation issue, then certain things that might be considered a bit more… 语法解析

01:44:54

maybe a bit controversial, like methylene blue could potentially be a good… I've had some patients really have good improvements with that, but I wouldn't give it for everybody. I would sort of selectively use it for people who struggle with oxygenation in conjunction with, you know, even some, you know, things like… 语法解析

01:45:15

pomegranate beetroot things that can increase nitric oxide you know so it was it's all it really depends on what your individual what is preventing you from having good longevity and so I think you know what is preventing you from exercising from sleeping from being off 语法解析

01:45:32

optimal thyroid function. I know we didn't really touch on T3 as a longevity tool, but… I think we did it in the last episode with hormones. I'm not sure. Maybe we did, but that's actually a tool that I will use for patients who might be struggling with even heavy metals or things that we know that they're poor converters of T4 to T3. 语法解析

01:45:52

might be another another kind of strategy that's used um it's worth mentioning in context of mitochondria of course because it's the thing that tells you mitochondria to be to work better in essence to create more energy so definitely worth mentioning yeah that should probably be my number three as well because I definitely definitely use it a lot in clinical practice 语法解析

01:46:12

for the right candidate, of course. Well, that's why I left it open as to how many you want to give. I didn't want to limit you to just one or two or three. But yeah, that leads us perfectly into, I guess, the promotional part of this episode. So if you've enjoyed what you've heard, if you would like an individual, tailored, personalized approach to 语法解析

01:46:32

which is really what we recommend. Oh, yeah, I'd forgotten. That's actually the episode that we did two episodes ago with Dr. Miriam. We talked about the testing in the area of anti-aging and longevity. That's what we did. And I'm a big fan of that. And we did that before we gave any strategies because we're giving strategies to give you suggestions and, you know, ideas. But fundamentally, basically, 语法解析

01:46:52

probably other than moving more and sleeping better, there's nothing we've mentioned here today that is universally going to be good for everyone. It's always case by case. And so, um, it's really good to work with a practitioner who is experienced, um, and who is, uh, knowledgeable and who is also open-minded, um, who understands a lot of different modalities, who, 语法解析

01:47:18

who really has a lot of the qualities that I look for in a practitioner. We did a whole episode on how to select a practitioner and the kind of qualities that you want in a practitioner. Dr. Miriam embodies most of them, if not all of them. And so I definitely recommend that she is someone who you would seek out if you want some help, and especially of longevity because she has a whole practice dedicated to that. Tell us about that, Dr. Miriam. Tell us about it and where people would find out more about that. 语法解析

01:47:48

Yes, I think because, you know, with longevity, you have sort of some things that are medical, for example, like rapamycin and LDN that need to be prescribed, but you have all the nutritional components. It's actually ideal to work with a clinic where you can get both. So I've teamed up with my nutritionist colleague who's also certified in functional medicine through IFM and has a lot of experience in 语法解析

01:48:15

particularly with hormonal balance, digestive issues. So that clinic is me and her together. It's called Health Miro. And that's where we are primarily like testing-based clinic where we like to do things like true age tests, even blood tests that are more comprehensive than what you would get through your kind of conventional family medicine doctor or GP. And 语法解析

01:48:41

Yeah, and we're predominantly seeing people virtually. I do occasionally see people in the London area if you're interested. But if you would be interested, we do offer free 20-minute discovery calls. So if you just go to healthmiro.com, that's M-I-R-O.com, it should be right at the top, book in a discovery call, and we'll be happy to try and direct you into the right direction. 语法解析

01:49:07

Fantastic. All right. Thank you so much for doing this. We'll do at least one more episode at some point about peptides, because I know that's something that you're big on and something that people are very interested in. But for now, thank you so much for your time. Thank you for sharing your expertise. It's been very interesting as always. And as always, I've learned something new. Thank you again for having me, Owen. And I appreciate also your constructive questions of the discussion. 语法解析

Edit:2025.04.04

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